Electrical radiant heating is more economical for smaller areas.
Electric and hydronic heating are the two most popular radiant systems used to warm residential floors. A hydronic system uses a gas or oil boiler to heat water pumped through special tubing under flooring. Electric systems are composed of cables that run underneath floors, a thermostat connected to a power supply and a heat sensor to detect floor temperature.
Complexity
Hydronic heating is by far a more complex system that requires professionals to properly install the components. In addition to a boiler or hot water heater and a thermostat , these systems also need manifolds, PEX tubing and a choice of wood panels, gypsum or a concrete slab. The need for the aforementioned underflooring drives the cost of installation up by approximately $4 per square foot, according to Natural Handyman.
Hydronic Advantages
Water-based radiant systems are quiet and can be installed under any type of flooring. Heating is even and heats the whole room, not just the floor. Estimates indicate that hydronic systems are 20 to 40 percent more efficient than electric systems depending on the application. These systems are also good for allergy sufferers as they do not stir up dirt, dust or allergens within a room. A wide choice of equipment may be used to heat water, including natural gas or propane water heaters, electric or wood boilers, solar collection and geothermal energy.
Simplicity
Electronic radiant heating systems are simple enough for do-it-yourselfers to install. Heat is delivered through a series of electrical cables. Laying of those cables, as well as completing needed electrical connections, requires only basic wiring knowledge. Many systems are sold as packages, making installation even easier.
Electric Advantages
All radiant heating systems will raise floor level. As electrical systems don't require an underlying level, they will only raise floor elevation by about 1/8 inch, as opposed to those for hydronic systems which can raise elevation by 2 to 3 inches. Heating occurs in 30 to 60 minutes when turned on as opposed to water-based systems, which can take up to 7 hours to fully heat. Because of the inherent nature of hydronic systems, which use energy continually, electrical systems are more energy efficient because they continually cycle on and off, drawing power only when needed. Electronic heating systems have no moving parts, so they are virtually maintenance free.
Applications
Selection of a hydronic heating system versus an electrical one is often determined by placement and usage within a home. Because of the initial cost and installation, hydronic systems are generally not placed in smaller areas such as bathrooms. In these areas, electrical systems are more economical. For single-source heating of an entire home, particularly in very cold climates, hydronic systems are considered optimal. Installation is also simplified when it occurs during initial construction of the home.
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