The IBC, formely the UBC, defines construction types for universal ease.
In 1927 the International Conference of Building Officials created the first Uniform Building Code. Every three years until 1997, the code was revised and updated to meet the changing standards of the construction industry. In 1997, the ideas and format of the Uniform Building Code were incorporated into the International Building Code. First published in 2000, the International Building Code maintains the integrity and definitions of the Uniform Building Code, while adapting them to meet global construction standards.
Adobe Construction
Chapter 21, Section 2102 of the 2009 edition of the International Building Code defines the adobe construction type as a building in which "the exterior load-bearing and nonload-bearing walls and partitions are of unfired clay masonry units." As per this definition, roofs and interior framing are built of wood or other approved materials. The Code continues by defining two types of adobe construction, stabilized and unstabilized. Section 2102, paragraph four of the code defines stabilized adobe construction incorporates "admixtures, such as emulsified asphalt...to limit the units' water absorption so as to increase their durability." Unstabilized adobe construction constitutes any adobe structure that does not conform the definition of stabilized adobe.
Brick Construction
Three definitions of brick construction types are provided by the 2009 edition of the International Building Code. The most simply defined type of brick construction is calcium silicate, or sand lime brick construction, which Section 2102, paragraph 14 of the Code calls any "masonry unit made of sand and lime." Clay or shale construction is defined as any masonry unit of a generally rectangular prism shape that is crafted while the material is in a plastic state, then fired in a kiln. Finally, Section 2102, paragraph 16 of the Code defines concrete construction as that based on a masonry unit that is an "inert aggregate particles embedded in a hardened cementitious matrix."
Masonry Construction
Formerly the Uniform Building Code, the International Building Code provides definitions for two primary types of masonry, under which fall ten secondary definitions of construction types. The two primary masonry construction types, as defined by the Code, are masonry and stone masonry. The former is defined as a "combination of building units or materials of clay, shale, concrete, glass, gypsum, stone or other approved units bonded together," by Section 2102, paragraph 39 of the Code, and the latter as "masonry composed of field, quarried or cast stone units bonded by mortar" by Section 2102, paragraph 75 of the Code. Secondary definitions under masonry include ashlar masonry, coursed ashlar, and glass unit masonry. Other types of masonry defined by the code include grouted, prestressed, and rubble stone masonry.
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